Encyclopedia

4 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U W

Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID)

Markets in Financial Instruments Directive or ‘MiFID’ is a European Union directive focused on regulating financial markets in the EU with the goal of furthering transparency. MiFID focuses on equity markets but the scope has since increased under MiFID II. Related Articles How can crypto companies be compliant and avoid regulatory penalties through AML frameworks?

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Maximal Extractable Value (MEV)

Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) is where block producers try to extract their maximum value of profitable transactions by reorganising, including and excluding the transactions in a block – often by deploying complex algorithmic bots – as block producers have full autonomy in the inclusion and ordering process of transactions, with the goal of ultimately optimising

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Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS)

MAS or the ‘Monetary Authority of Singapore’ is Singapore’s central bank and financial regulatory authority. It administers the various statues pertaining to money, banking, insurance, securities and the financial sector in general, as well as currency issuance. Singapore is known as a global financial and technology hub. Related Articles Authorities Overlook Millions of Dollars in

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Money Laundering (ML)

Definition of money laundering Money laundering is a process designed to hide the illicit source of financial gains. Illicit revenue stems from predicate crimes, such as fraud, scam, human trafficking, ransomware, hacks, bribes etc. Criminal actors engaging in money laundering seek to conceal the funds’ origin, enabling them to use the laundered assets for personal

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Money Laundering Reporting Officer (MLRO)

The Chief Compliance Officer responsible for all AML/CFT activities and responsible for ensuring that an obliged entity is not used by criminals or the financiers of terrorism. Related Articles How can crypto companies be compliant and avoid regulatory penalties through AML frameworks? Coinfirm releases new Standard AML Risk Reports for Cryptocurrencies

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Nemty Ransomware

Nemty ransomware – what is it? Nemty is a type of malicious software known as malware that specializes in encrypting files on a victim’s system and demanding a ransom for their release. What sets Nemty malware apart from others, is its utilization of a RaaS model, where cybercriminals can subscribe to the ransomware service, utilizing

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Nephilim Ransomware

Nephilim – what is it? Nephilim, a ransomware variant with noticeable similarities in both design and code to the well-known Nemta, has become a significant cybersecurity problem. This malware uses advanced encryption techniques to restrict access to files on the victim’s system, demanding a ransom to release data safely. Nephilim ransomware started to spread at

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NFT Wash Trading

What Is NFT Wash Trading? Wash trading is the practice of purchasing and selling assets in a manner that is intent on manipulating or misleading the market. How Does NFT Wash Trading Work? Take for example, an investor that has USD 1 million in ETH. The investor mints an NFT and subsequently sells it to him

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Nodes

Nodes are computers in the blockchain network that receive new transactions and blocks, validate these transactions and blocks and spread valid transactions and blocks to connected nodes and ignore invalid transactions and blocks. It is generally considered that the more nodes exist in the network, the more secure is the system. Related Articles How Can

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Non-Cooperative Countries and Territories (NCCT)

Non-Cooperative Countries and Territories (NCCT) NCCT (from Non-Cooperative Countries and Territories) is a term used to describe non-cooperative countries and territories identified by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF – the global intergovernmental AML watchdog) as having deficiencies in their AML systems. The term uncooperative means that countries and territories are not engaging in international

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